A virtual instrument, also known as a software instrument, is a type of computer software that emulates a traditional musical instrument or creates new sounds that cannot be produced by traditional instruments. Virtual instruments are typically used in digital audio workstations (DAWs) and music production software.
Virtual instruments are designed to mimic the sounds of real-world instruments such as guitars, pianos, drums, and orchestral instruments. They are created using digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms that generate and manipulate sounds in real-time. Some virtual instruments also include pre-recorded samples that are used to create realistic sound variations and articulations.
Virtual instruments are available in several different formats, each with their own advantages and limitations. Here are some of the most common formats:
- VST (Virtual Studio Technology): Developed by Steinberg, VST is the most widely used format for virtual instruments. VST plugins can be used in most DAWs and music production software, and are available for both Mac and Windows platforms.
- AU (Audio Units): AU is a format developed by Apple for use in macOS. AU plugins are designed to work with Apple’s Logic Pro and GarageBand DAWs, as well as other music production software that supports AU plugins.
- AAX (Avid Audio eXtension): AAX is a format developed by Avid for use with their Pro Tools DAW software. AAX plugins are available for both Mac and Windows platforms.
- RTAS (Real-Time AudioSuite): RTAS is an older format developed by Avid, which is still supported by some older versions of Pro Tools software.
- Standalone: Some virtual instruments are available as standalone software applications, which can be used without the need for a DAW or plugin host.
Virtual instruments can be played and controlled using MIDI data from a MIDI controller, such as a keyboard, drum pad, or wind controller. MIDI data is sent to the virtual instrument software, which converts it into sound.
There are many types of virtual instruments available, including synthesizers, samplers, drum machines, and virtual guitar and bass amps. Some virtual instruments are designed to emulate specific vintage or classic instruments, while others offer entirely new sounds that cannot be produced by traditional instruments.
There are many companies that create virtual instruments, each with their own unique offerings and specialties. Here are some of the most popular virtual instrument creators:
- Native Instruments: Native Instruments is a leading company in the virtual instrument industry, with a wide range of products including synthesizers, samplers, and effects plugins. Their flagship products include Kontakt, Massive, and Reaktor.
- Spectrasonics: Spectrasonics is known for their high-quality virtual instruments such as Omnisphere, Trilian, and Stylus RMX. Their instruments are often used in film, TV, and video game soundtracks.
- Arturia: Arturia specializes in emulations of classic analog synthesizers, including the Minimoog, ARP 2600, and Prophet-5. Their instruments include the V Collection, Analog Lab, and Pigments.
- EastWest: EastWest is known for their high-quality orchestral and cinematic virtual instruments, including Hollywood Strings, Hollywood Brass, and Symphonic Orchestra.
- UVI: UVI creates a wide range of virtual instruments, including sample-based instruments, synthesizers, and effects plugins. Their products include Falcon, Vintage Vault, and Key Suite Acoustic.
Overall, virtual instruments are an important tool for modern music production, allowing musicians and producers to create a wide range of sounds and musical compositions with just a computer and a MIDI controller.